(a) Then Energy Secretary Federico Peña joined Laboratory Director Bruce Tarter and Congresswoman Ellen Tauscher on May 29, 1997, to break ground for the National Ignition Facility (NIF). (b) California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger (left) is briefed by Ed Moses, principal associate director of NIF, while on a tour of the laser facility in November 2008. (c) In the 1970s, fusion fuel was compressed to about the density of lead in the Shiva target chamber. (d) In the NIF target chamber, fuel will be imploded and compressed to nearly 100 times the density of lead and a temperature of 100 million kelvins.